AMPON CHIK PEUSANGAN WITHIN THE TRACING REVOLUTION IN ACEH By: Dr. Teuku Mohamad Isa
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| Ampon Chik Peusangan |
Let
us return to the story of Teuku Chik Syamaun. His first wife, Pocut Salbiah, a
native of Nanggroe Peusangan, bore two children. The eldest was a daughter
named Pocut Zahara, known among the people of Peusangan as Pocut Buluen because
of her beauty. Their second child was a son named Teuku Ali Alamsjah. The
people of Nanggroe Peusangan honored Teuku Ali Alamsyah with the title of
Commander of War, as he also led the forces of Nanggroe Peusangan in battles
against Dutch invaders.
What
about Teuku Chik Sjamaun’s second wife?. His second wife, Pocut Unggaih, bore
three children: two daughters and a son. The first child was Pocut Sjaribanun,
a daughter from the Uleebalang lineage of Meureudu. Known affectionately as
Pocut Putroue by the people of Nanggroe Peusangan, she was admired for her
noble demeanor. The second child was Teuku Muhammad Djohan Alamsjah, a son
destined to become a prominent Uleebalang in Aceh. The third was a son named
Teuku Bustaman.
Pulo Iboh,
the birthplace and childhood home of Teuku Muhammad Djohan Alamsjah, was also
the official residence of the uleebalang of Peusangan. Referred to as the
uleebalang fortress (palace) of Nanggroe Peusangan, the village of Iboh played a
pivotal role in Aceh’s social revolution of 1945–1946. Why?
There
is another story tied to Ibo. This village was the origin of Teungku Amir Husin
Al Mujahid’s family. During the peak of the Aceh-Dutch War in northern Aceh,
Amir Husin Al Mujahid’s family sought refuge in Nanggroe Idi, which had allied
with the Dutch kingdom long before the Aceh-Dutch War began. The Acehnese
people bestowed the grand title "Napoleon Bonaparte of Aceh" upon
Amir Husin Al Mujahid for his success in dismantling and massacring the
uleebalangs of Aceh within days.
Without
engaging in battle, this elementary school teacher from a madrasah in Idi, East
Aceh, managed to deceive the Aceh Resident/General Major of TKR/TNI, Teuku Nyak
Arief, leading to his imprisonment in Takengon. With his TPR (People’s Struggle
Army), Amir Husin Al Mujahid ruthlessly exterminated the uleebalangs and their
followers. Later, Amir Husin Al Mujahid declared himself a Major General.
Strangely, once he assumed this rank, his army vanished with the smoke of the
Aceh social revolution. Among his peers in PUSA, he was regarded as Aceh’s
great philosopher.
Amir Husin’s success in overthrowing Teuku Nyak Arief, the Resident of the newly independent Republic of Indonesia in Aceh, paved the way for a madrasah teacher from Jamiatul Diniah Abadiyah in Blang Paseh-Sigli, named Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh, to rise as Aceh’s new dictator. Commanding with authority, Daud Beureueh ordered Teuku Chik Daudsyah, the acting Resident of Aceh, to appoint Teuku Muhammad Amin, a pharmacy owner in Pidie, as Aceh’s Assistant Resident for Politics. Intimidated by PUSA’s brutality, Teuku Chik Peusangan, once revered by his people, became a target for capture by Teuku Muhammad Amin in March 1946.
Teuku Chik Sjamaun's Guerrilla War
During
battles with the Dutch in Nanggroe Peusangan, Teuku Chik Sjamaun retreated to
the upper reaches of the Peusangan River, a dense jungle region. In exile, he
strategized defenses against General Van Heutsz’s advancing forces. Teuku Chik
Syamaun vowed never to face the Dutch infidels. After two years of guerrilla
warfare, he fell ill and passed away in the Peusangan jungle, fulfilling his
vow.
The
patriotic Teuku Chik Syamaun was buried at his command post in the jungle,
receiving an honorable funeral from his loyal followers. Unfortunately, this
historic grave was later relocated. Once peace returned to Peusangan, his son,
Teuku Chik Muhammad Johan Alamsyah, reinterred him in Matang Glumpangdua.
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